Executive+Branch

=Richard Nixon Exectcutive Branch= = = Biography of Nixon  On January 9, 1913 in a little farming community of Yorba Linda, California our 37th president was born Richard M. Nixon. At the time no one knew he was going to be our future president but yes he was. Nixon was the second son in his family and his parents names were Frank and Hannah. After Nixon was born there were three more boys after him his oldest brother was Harold then it came him and then after him were Donald, Arthur, and Edward. As most families in this time Nixon’s was poor and had a very hard time growing up. Nixon said that growing up was tuff but his family did work hard to make the best of it. When Nixon was old enough and became like a public person he said he wanted people to think he was a little Abraham Lincoln and he was a poor boy trying to encourage the American dream. As Nixon was growing up his mother did not pay as much attention to him as she did her brothers the reason for this is because Nixon’s brothers were very sick. He realized this as he got older and then understood why all those younger years his mom tented to them more then to him. When Nixon grew up he wanted to get into politics and into the government. Nixon started out in congress and then from there he went on to become a senator and from there he went and became the vice president.  The Nixon decided to run for president for the Republicans. The first time he ran was against Kennedy. What was really historical about this election was Kennedy and Nixon had the very first debate held on national TV. In the end Nixon lost the election to Kennedy but he did not give up and decided he would run again come the next election. The election of 1968 was between Nixon and Humphrey and when it was all over Nixon had achieved hid ultimate goal and that is becoming the 37th president of the United States of America. When Nixon first became president he had to deal a lot with Vietnam and the problems that were coming from that. A time that Nixon considers a dark time of his presidency was the Kent State shooting and all the things that went down that day. Nixon had to deal with a lot of protests to the Vietnam War. He also passed a few bills that kept prices the same where business could not raise their prices at all this was done to try to help keep the economy going and people able to buy goods. The worst part of Nixon’s presidency was during his second term and the whole Water Gate issue. These whole crises ended up leading to the end of Nixon. Some person that was never reveled tip the feds off that Nixon was doing a secret cover up thing and hiding a big scandal. After the feds investigated Nixon it started looking bad for him and he did not know what to do. Many people thought he was guilty and before they could impeach him Nixon resigned on Thursday August 8, 1974. He stepped down as the president of the United States.  After Nixon stepped down from being the president he went on to live the rest of his life. Though this is what Nixon wanted to do and try to forget about the scandal the rest of the country would not let him. He was the butt of every joke because of what he did. They had plays that were performed after him that showed him messing up in office and making fun of him. There were a number of anti-Nixon books that were published. Nixon said, “The books by critics he could understand but the ones by friends hurt him really bad.” So life after being the president was really hard on him and no one let him forget the mistake that he made. All Nixon said he can do is live day to day and try to forget all the criticism that he gets because of what happen while he was in office. = = = Nixon’s relationships, highs and lows of the presidency  = =Highlights critisisms of the Presidency = =Nixon was accepted by the people in the begining of his presidency. They liked the fact that he was ending the war in vietnam by basically quiting. The people were fed up with the whole vietnam situation and wanted change. Nixon brought the change they were looking for. Nixon also opened up talks with China and got Diplomacy going. He also normalized relations with Russia. All of these things pleased the people. The one major pitfall for nixon was Watergate. When water gate first broke headlines it was rather suprising for the people. Nixon continued to lie and try to reason with the people. It didnt work and his aproval ratings plumeted. Nixon resigned and goes down as the biggest disgrace to the Presidency to date. = Characteristics of the Presidency He had a good relationship with both the Supreme Court and Congress. The only problems that there were was that Nixon wanted to slow down desegregation and civil rights and everyone else wanted to speed them up. With congress he had a good relationship as well up to the watergate scandal. When watergate hit everyone turned on Nixon.  Nixon’s main goal for his presidency with dealing with foreign affairs was to fight communism. He was very diplomatic with China. He announces that the U.S. favored increased cultural and scientific exchanges with China or People’s Republic. They were intimidating the U.S.S.R. and China because he believed China was scared of the Soviets. Nixon took steps to calm down the anti-China public speaking coming from the White House, loosened trade and visa restrictions between China and the U.S., and began troop reductions in both Vietnam and on bases near China. He wrote the Nixon Doctrine, which stated that the United States would continue to provide military aid and supplies, but that it expected its allies to assume responsibility for providing the manpower for their own defense. This lead to Vietnamization, which was organized build up of ARVN forces to the point that they could prosecute the war without American support. As part of this plan, American troops would slowly be removed. Nixon complemented this approach with efforts to ease global tensions by reaching out diplomatically to the Soviet Union and People's Republic of China. In Vietnam, the war shifted to smaller operations geared towards attacking North Vietnamese logistics.
 * Foreign Relations **

=Supreme Court Appointments= =William Rehnquist January 7, 1972= =Harry Blackmun May 17, 1970= =Lewis Powell January 7, 1972= = Nixons 1st 10 executive orders within his first 100 days of his presidency = = =

=1.Executive Order 11452 Establishing the Council for Urban Affairs- Signed: January 23, 1969 = =2.Executive Order 11453 Establishing the Cabinet Committee on Economic Policy- Signed: January 24, 1969 = =3.Executive Order 11454 Inspection of income, excess-profits, estate, and gift tax returns by the Senate Committee on Government Operations- Signed: February 7, 1969 = =4.Executive Order 11455 Establishing an Office of Intergovernmental Relations- Signed: February 14, 1969 = =5.Executive Order 11456 Providing for a special assistant to the President for liaison with former Presidents- Signed: February 14, 1969 = =6.Executive Order 11457 Inspection of income, excess-profits, estate, and gift tax returns by the Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives- Signed: March 4, 1969 = =7.Executive Order 11458 Prescribing arrangements for developing and coordinating a national program for minority business enterprise- Signed: March 5, 1969 = =8.Executive Order 11459 <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Designation of the Secretary of Transportation to approve and certificate containers and vehicles for use in international transport- Signed: March 7, 1969 = =9.Executive Order 11460 <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Establishing the President's Intelligence Advisory Board- Signed: March 20, 1969 = =10.Executive Order 11461 <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Inspection of income, estate, and gift tax returns by the Committee on Public Works, House of Representatives- Signed: March 27, 1969 =